Task 1 - Long reading

Read the following text about the phenomenon of urban gardening and answer the 15 questions.

The Growing Trend of Urban Gardening

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Urban gardening, the practice of cultivating plants in urban environments, has seen a significant resurgence in recent years. Far from being just a hobby, it represents a growing movement towards sustainability, community building, and healthier living in cities worldwide. This practice can take many forms, from small balcony gardens and shared community plots to rooftop farms and vertical gardens on building walls. The core idea is to utilize available urban spaces, however small, to produce food or cultivate green areas.

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One of the primary motivations behind urban gardening is the desire for fresh, locally grown food. In many urban areas, access to healthy, affordable produce can be limited. Urban gardens provide residents with direct access to fruits, vegetables, and herbs, reducing reliance on long supply chains and diminishing the carbon footprint associated with food transportation. Furthermore, growing your own food allows for greater control over what chemicals are used, leading to healthier, often organic, options.

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Beyond food production, urban gardening fosters strong community bonds. Community gardens, in particular, serve as shared spaces where people from diverse backgrounds can come together, learn from each other, and collaborate. This shared activity can lead to increased social interaction, improved neighbourhood aesthetics, and a sense of collective ownership and pride. For many, it also offers a much-needed connection to nature, providing a peaceful escape from the concrete jungle and reducing stress.

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Despite its many benefits, urban gardening also faces challenges. Limited space is an obvious hurdle, requiring creative solutions like vertical farming or shared plots. Soil contamination in former industrial areas can be another concern, necessitating raised beds or soil testing. Access to water in densely populated areas, and the time commitment required for consistent care, are also practical considerations. Overcoming these obstacles often requires innovative approaches and community cooperation.

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Looking to the future, urban gardening is expected to continue its upward trend. As cities grow and populations increase, the need for sustainable food sources and green spaces will become even more critical. Innovations in urban agriculture technology, such as hydroponics (growing plants in water without soil) and aeroponics (growing plants in an air or mist environment), are making it possible to grow more food in smaller spaces. These advancements, combined with a growing public awareness of environmental issues, suggest that urban gardens will play an increasingly vital role in creating healthier, more resilient cities.