Task 2 – Multi-task reading

In this part there are four short texts for you to read and 15 questions for you to answer.

Text A

From Space to Earth: Everyday Innovations

While rocket launches and lunar landings capture headlines, many of the most significant benefits of space exploration are found right here on Earth. Technologies developed for space missions have led to countless innovations in medicine, materials science, and environmental monitoring. For instance, advanced water purification systems designed for spacecraft now provide clean drinking water in disaster zones. Similarly, improvements in insulation and composite materials, originally for spacecraft, are now used in energy-efficient buildings and lighter, stronger vehicles. These spin-offs demonstrate that investing in space is an investment in terrestrial progress.

Text B

The Universe in Your Pocket: Citizen Science in Astronomy

Astronomy isn't just for professional scientists anymore. "Citizen science" projects are transforming how we explore the cosmos, allowing anyone with an internet connection to contribute to real scientific research. Platforms like Zooniverse enable millions of volunteers to classify galaxies, search for exoplanets, or identify features on Martian landscapes. By leveraging the power of collective effort, these projects process vast amounts of data much faster than traditional methods, leading to new discoveries and fostering a deeper public engagement with science. It's an exciting way for individuals to be part of groundbreaking space exploration.

Text C

The Business of Beyond: Space Economics

The space industry is rapidly expanding beyond government-funded missions, attracting significant private investment. Companies are vying to develop everything from satellite broadband services to asteroid mining operations. The commercial space sector is projected to generate trillions in revenue over the coming decades, creating jobs and stimulating technological advancements. While the initial costs of space ventures are high, the long-term economic returns, including new industries and increased global connectivity, are seen as immensely promising. This new era of commercial space is driving innovation and opening up unprecedented opportunities for global growth.

Text D

The Final Frontier for Tourists: Ethical Considerations

The dream of space tourism is rapidly becoming a reality, with private companies offering suborbital and orbital flights. While exciting, this development raises important ethical questions. Who gets to go to space, and what impact will increased space traffic have on orbital debris and the environment? There are concerns about the carbon footprint of launches and the potential for a "space playground" for the ultra-rich while pressing issues remain on Earth. As space becomes more accessible, it's vital to establish regulations that ensure equitable access and minimize environmental harm, preserving space for scientific endeavor and the common good.