Task 2 – Multi-task reading

In this part there are four short texts for you to read and 15 questions for you to answer.

Text A

Defining Sustainable Tourism

Sustainable tourism is broadly defined as tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities. It aims to minimize negative1 effects while maximizing positive ones. Key principles include minimizing resource consumption, respecting local cultures, supporting local economies, and preserving natural heritage. It's not just about "eco-tourism," which often focuses solely on nature, but encompasses all forms of tourism that strive for a long-term balance between visitor enjoyment and destination preservation.

Text B

The Price of Popularity: Over-tourism

While tourism can bring significant economic benefits, its rapid growth has led to a phenomenon known as "over-tourism." This occurs when the sheer volume of visitors to a destination negatively impacts residents, infrastructure, and the environment. Crowded streets, inflated prices, damage to historical sites, and strained resources like water and waste management are common symptoms. Over-tourism can erode the quality of life for locals and degrade the very attractions that draw visitors. Solutions often involve limiting visitor numbers, diversifying attractions, and encouraging off-season travel.

Text C

Your Role as a Responsible Traveler

As a traveler, you have the power to make your trips more sustainable. Consider choosing accommodation that is locally owned or certified eco-friendly. Reduce your waste by using reusable water bottles and avoiding single-use plastics. Opt for public transport or walking/cycling where possible. Engage with local communities by buying handmade souvenirs and eating at local restaurants, ensuring your money directly benefits the people who live there. Most importantly, learn about and respect the local culture and environment, leaving no trace behind. Small actions from many individuals can collectively make a big difference.

Text D

Technology's Role in Greener Travel

Digital innovation is playing an increasing part in promoting sustainable tourism. Apps and online platforms now make it easier to find eco-friendly hotels, carbon-offset flight options, and responsible tour operators. Blockchain technology is even being explored for transparent supply chains in tourism, ensuring that local communities and conservation projects receive their fair share of revenue. Virtual reality (VR) could also offer a low-impact alternative for exploring distant destinations, reducing the need for physical travel, while also helping people plan their real-life trips more responsibly.